Updated November 7, 2026
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition. It affects attention, activity level and impulse control in ways that go beyond what is typical for a child's age.
ADHD can show up mainly as inattention, mainly as hyperactivity and impulsivity, or as a combination of both.
Every child does these things sometimes. In ADHD, the behaviors are more frequent and more intense than in other children of the same age, have been present for at least six months, began in childhood, and cause problems in more than one setting, such as at home and at school.
Children whose ADHD is mainly inattentive are often missed because they are not disruptive. They may be described as daydreamers or as not trying hard enough. Girls are more likely than boys to have this presentation.
There is no single test for ADHD. A pediatrician, psychologist or psychiatrist gathers information from parents, teachers and the child, often using standardized rating scales completed by adults in different settings. They also look for other conditions that can look like ADHD or occur alongside it, such as learning disabilities, anxiety, depression, sleep problems and hearing or vision problems.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that treatment depend on age. For preschool-age children, parent training in behavior management is the first step. For school-age children and adolescents, guidelines recommend medication together with behavioral approaches and school support. Decisions about medication are made with the child's doctor, who monitors benefits and side effects.
In the US, children with ADHD may qualify for classroom accommodations, such as extra time, a seat away from distractions or breaking assignments into parts, under a Section 504 plan or an Individualized Education Program (IEP). Ask the school in writing for an evaluation if you think your child needs support.
Living with ADHD can be tiring for the whole family. Parent training programs and support groups help many families feel more confident.
This guide is general information, not medical or psychological advice. For questions about your child, talk with a pediatrician or a licensed mental health professional. In a crisis in the US, call or text 988 or call 911; elsewhere, call your local emergency number.